Course Lightning-2: Lightning Protection System Design and Calculations

Course Description:

This course is intended to prepare the targeted persons with the following:

• Knowing the steps of Lightning Protection System Design Process,
• Knowing the definitions of Main Terms in Lightning Protection System Design Process,
• Knowing IEC 62305-2 method of Risk Assessment Study,
• Knowing NFPA 780 method of Risk Assessment Study,
• Knowing Software Method For Performing The Risk Assessment Study,
• Knowing Online Calculators Method For Performing The Risk Assessment Study,
• Know how to size Air Termination System Components,
• Knowing different methods for the Best Positioning of Air Terminals,
• Know how to Determine The Number Of Down Conductors,
• Know how to design earth termination system,
• Know how to write specifications for the designed LPS.

The targeted Persons:

Design engineers, New graduate engineers, under graduate engineering students.



Skills Development:

On completion of this course the target person will be able to:

• Apply all the steps for Lightning Protection System Design Process,
• Perform the Risk Assessment Study,
• Size Air Termination System Components,
• Apply methods for the Best Positioning of Air Terminals,
• Determine the Number Of Down Conductors,
• Design earth termination system,
• Write specifications for the designed LPS.

Course Outline:

1					Design Process for Lightning Protection Systems
	A				Planning phase
	B				Consultation phase
	C				Detailed Design phase
	D				Quality Assurance
	E				General Recommendation for Efficient Lightning Protection System Design
2					Introduction to Design Calculations of Lightning Protection Systems
	A				Sources and Types of Damage to a Structure
	B				Types of Loss
	C				Types of Risks Associated with Losses
	D				Lightning Protection Levels (LPL)
	E				Lightning Protection Zones (LPZ)
	F				Class of LPS
	G				Protection Measures
3					Lightning Protection System Design Process
	A				Step#1: Characteristics of the Structure to Be Protected
		1			Characteristics of the Structure
		2			Effects Of Lightning On A Structure
	B				Step#2: Risk Assessment Study
		1			What are the benefits from performing risk assessments study?
		2			Methods Of Calculations For Risk Assessment Study
4					Manual Method: Equations And Tables Method as per IEC 62305-2
	A				Procedure For Performing The Risk Assessment Study By Manual Method
		1			Part#1: Evaluating Need of Lightning Protection
		2			Part#2: Determination of Required Protection Measure
		3			Part#3: evaluating the cost-effectiveness of protection measures
			a		Step#2-1: Identify The Structure to be Protected
			b		Step#2-2: identify the Types Of Loss relevant to the structure to be protected Rn
			c		Step#2-3: for each Loss to be considered, identify the Tolerable Level Of Risk RT
			d		Step#2-4: Identify and calculate the risk components Rx that make up Primary risk Rn
				1	First Part: Identification of the Risk Components Rx
				2	Second Part: Calculations of the Risk Components Rx
					A- Calculations Of NumberOf Dangerous Events Per Year NX
					B- Calculations of Probability of damage to structure PX
					C- Calculations of Amount of Consequent Loss LX
			e		Step#2-5: Calculate Rn = Σ Rx
			f		Step#2-6: Comparing the calculated actual risk Rn of each loss to a tolerable level of risk (RT)
			g		Step#2-7: go back to step#2-4
5					Manual Method (Equations And Tables Method) as per NFPA-780
	A				General notes for the Risk Assessment Study as per NFPA-780
	B				Part#1: Evaluating Need For Lightning Protection
		1			Method#1: The simplified Risk assessment
			a		Step#2-1: Calculate Equivalent Collection Area Ae
			b		Step#2-2: Determine the Value of Lightning Flash Density (Ng)
			c		Step#2-3: Calculate Annual Threat of Occurrence (Nd)
			d		Step#2-4: Calculate the Tolerable Lightning Frequency (Nc)
			e		Step#2-5: Comparing the Annual Threat of Occurrence (Nd) to the Tolerable Lightning Frequency (Nc)
		2			Method#2: The detailed Risk assessment
			a		Step#2-1: Identify The Structure to be Protected
			b		Step#2-2: for each Loss to be considered, identify the Tolerable Level Of Risk RT
			c		Step#2-3: identify the Types of Risk Due to Lightning (Rn)
			d		Step#2-4: For each type of Risk to be considered , identify and calculate the risk components Rx that make up Primary risk Rn
				1	First Part: Identification of the Risk Components Rx
				2	Second Part: Calculations of the Risk Components Rx
					A- Calculations of First Parameter: NX = The average annual threat of occurrence
					B- Calculations of Second Parameter: PX = Probabilities of Damage
					C- Calculations of Third Parameter: LX
			e		Step#2-5: Calculate R = Σ Rx
			f		Step#2-6: Comparing the total risk R with the maximum tolerable risk (RT) for each type of loss relevant to the structure
			g		Step#2-7: go back to step#2-4 and make a series of trial and error calculations until the total risk R is reduced below that of RT (R ≤ RT).
6					Software Method For Performing The Risk Assessment Study
	A				StrikeRisk V5.0
		1			Why using StrikeRisk V5.0?
		2			How to use StrikeRisk V5.0?
			a		Opening the StrikeRisk program
			b		User Interface
			c		Customizing the user interface
			d		Basic Steps
			e		StrikeRisk Options
	B				RAPAL Software
		1			Why using RAPAL Software?
		2			The Construction Of RAPAL Software
			a		Structure's Dimensions
			b		Structure's Attributes
			c		Environmental Influences
			d		Conductive Electric Service Lines
			e		Protection Measures
			f		Type Of Loss
			g		Results
		3			End/Exit RAPAL Software
	C				Riesgo Software
		1			Why using Riesgo Software?
		2			The Construction of Riesgo Software
			a		Program Tab
			b		Program windows
				1	Company window
				2	Project window
				3	General data window
				4	Risk calculation window
7					ExcelSheets Method For Performing The Risk Assessment Study
	A				IEC62305-2 Need for Lightning Protection Excel Sheet
	B				NFPA 780 Simplified Method Excel Sheet
8					Online Calculators Method
	A				Harger’s Risk Assessment Guide
	B				Mr. Lightning’s risk assessment program
	C				Schirtec’s Strike risk assessment program
9					Step#3: Selection Of External LPS Type and Material
	A				The Correct Choice Of Lightning Protection Components (LPC)
	B				Material Requirements for Conductors and Air Terminations
	C				Comparison between Copper and Aluminum as a Lightning Conductor Material
	D				Use of Dissimilar Metals
	E				Temperature Rise Criteria
	F				Natural Components
10					Step#4: Sizing of Air Termination System Components
	A				Introduction
	B				Sizing of Air Terminals Based on IEC 62305-3
	C				Sizing of Air Terminals Based on BS EN 62305-3
	D				Sizing of Natural Air Terminals
	E				Positioning / Placement of Air Termination System Components
	F				Suitability Of Air-Termination Forms and Design Methods
	G				The Class of LPS/LPL influences on the (3) Positioning Methods
11					The Rolling Sphere Method RSM
	A				The striking distance approach
	B				Relation between Lightning Protection Levels and Rolling Sphere Radius
	C				The Rolling Sphere Method Protection Applications
		1			Rolling Sphere Method With Rod Air-Terminations
		2			Rolling Sphere Method And Mesh/Catenary Conductors
		3			Rolling Sphere Method And Tall Structures
	D				How To Apply The Rolling Sphere Method for Lightning Protection Design?
12					Protection Angle Method PAM
	A				Application And Usage
	B				Differences between the Protection Angle Method and the Simple Cone of Protection Method
	C				Relation between the Protection Angle Method PAM and the Rolling Sphere Method RSM
	D				Determination Of Air Rod Protective Angle
	E				Restrictions for using Protection angle method PAM
	F				Shapes of Protection Zones Provided By Protection Angle Method PAM
	G				Applications of protection using the Protection Angle Method
	H				Advantages and disadvantages of Protection Angle Method PAM
13					Mesh Method
	A				Usage
	B				Conditions for Application of Mesh Method Protection
	C				Using Natural Components In Mesh Method
	D				Special Cases for Protection by Mesh Method
14					Recommendations for the Best Positioning of Air Terminals
	A				Recommendation on positioning of Air-terminals
	B				Recommendation for Masts and Antennas
	C				Recommendation for Protection of other items protruding above the roof
	D				Recommendation for Bonding of Roof Top Fixtures
15					Step#5: Design of Down-Conductor System
	A				Determination Of The Number Of Down Conductors
		1			According to IEC 62305-3
		2			According to NFPA 780-2011
		3			According to NFPA 780-2011
	B				Practical Recommendations For Determining Number Of Down Conductors
16					Step#6: Design of Earth Termination System
17					Step#7: Design of Internal LPS System
18					Step#8: LPS Design Drawings and Specifications